2025-2026 Basic and Clinical Science Course, Section 8

External Disease and Cornea
Delve into the anatomy and evaluation of the external eye and cornea, exploring examination methods and diverse disorders such as surface diseases, degenerations, dystrophies, infections, immune responses, injuries, and transplant challenges. Interactive cases, surgical videos, and key clinical insights boost practical understanding.
Section 8 of the Academy's Basic and Clinical Science Course™ (BCSC®) begins with a review of the structure and function of the external eye and cornea, followed by a chapter on relevant examination techniques and devices. The book covers various topics, including ocular surface disease and therapeutic interventions, degenerations and depositions, congenital anomalies, corneal dystrophies, infectious diseases, immune-mediated diseases, and neoplastic disorders. Toxic and traumatic injuries of the anterior segment and corneal transplantation are also discussed.

For BCSC Section 8’s major revision, content was reorganized for improved readability, such as the chapter on degenerations and depositions of the conjunctiva, cornea, and sclera. The “Key Points” is a feature that identifies important information throughout the text, and “Clinical Pearls” present information that has a direct impact on the diagnosis and management of corneal disease.

Section 8 has 58 videos (sample), 15 of which are new and many of which demonstrate surgical procedures. Interactive elements are provided throughout the text to help strengthen your clinical knowledge. These elements include an activity on the corneal layers with corresponding confocal images, and a case study on Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy and cataracts. Both print and eBook users can access the videos, case studies, and activity.

Upon completion of Section 8, readers should be able to:

• Describe the anatomy of the external eye and cornea
• Explain the overall strategy, examination, and technology used for systematic evaluation of the cornea and the external eye
• Identify the distinctive clinical signs and treatment of specific diseases of the ocular surface

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