{"product_id":"9781503640405-cosmopolitan-scientists","title":"Cosmopolitan Scientists: How a Global Policy of Commercialization Became Japanese (Culture and Economic Life","description":"\u003cmeta content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\" http-equiv=\"Content-Type\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eHow a Global Policy of Commercialization Became Japanese\u003cbr\u003eDrawing on vivid accounts from bioscientists who experienced and enacted the shift toward commercialization, the book offers an insider's view into the way scientists navigate the complex and shifting landscape of science, innovation, and economic policy. It tells a broader story of how the global rules can be successfully naturalized.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eAs the university transformed itself into a center of innovation, and biotechnology became a billion-dollar industry, commercialization of university inventions became both lucrative and urgent. In the United States, this shift decisively converted the academic scientist into an entrepreneur. From there, legal structures that facilitated university scientists' patenting and commercialization spread across the world, including to Japan, where earlier modes of doing science made such diffusion more difficult—and more interesting. \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eCosmopolitan Scientists\u003c\/i\u003e delineates what happens when global policies diffuse to different cultural and institutional contexts. Instead of simply accepting or resisting the change, Japanese university scientists creatively enacted the new rules, making unique local variations of the global policy—and thus making it Japanese. \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDrawing on vivid accounts from bioscientists who experienced and enacted the shift toward commercialization, the book offers an insider's view into the way scientists navigate the complex and shifting landscape of science, innovation, and economic policy. In so doing it also tells a broader story of how the global rules can be successfully \"naturalized\"—modified, settled down, and made local.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Rarewaves","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41786294435937,"sku":"9781503640405","price":20.87,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0092\/7504\/8033\/files\/orig_38265454.jpg?v=1763862744","url":"https:\/\/www.rarewaves.com\/products\/9781503640405-cosmopolitan-scientists","provider":"Rarewaves.com","version":"1.0","type":"link"}