{"product_id":"9781472839626-elite-roman-shields","title":"Roman Shields","description":"\u003cmeta content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\" http-equiv=\"Content-Type\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe Roman shield, the \u003ci\u003escutum\u003c\/i\u003e, was central to the Romans’ conquest of the known world. This study draws on up-to-date research to reveal the history of this iconic equipment.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe introduction of the \u003ci\u003escutum\u003c\/i\u003e in the 4th century BC revolutionized the way the Romans fought. Instead of being purely defensive, the shield became a weapon in its own right.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eUsing the top edge or boss to punch an opponent, or the lower rim to smash down on their feet, it served to unbalance an enemy and allow the sword to do its work. The versatility of the \u003ci\u003escutum\u003c\/i\u003e was characterized by the \u003ci\u003etestudo\u003c\/i\u003e, a formation the Romans used offensively like a pedestrian tank. Meanwhile, other shield types equipped the auxiliaries who fought alongside the legionaries. The curved, rectangular \u003ci\u003escutum\u003c\/i\u003e survived into the 3rd century AD, only to be replaced by an oval, slightly domed shield derived from the oval shields of Early Imperial auxiliaries.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDrawing together historical accounts, excavated artefacts and the results of the latest scientific analyses of the boards and fittings, renowned authority M.C. Bishop reveals the development, technology, training and use of the \u003ci\u003escutum \u003c\/i\u003eand other Roman shield types.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Rarewaves","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":32642951708769,"sku":"9781472839626","price":14.83,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0092\/7504\/8033\/files\/orig_26683497.jpg?v=1722468285","url":"https:\/\/www.rarewaves.com\/products\/9781472839626-elite-roman-shields","provider":"Rarewaves.com","version":"1.0","type":"link"}