{"product_id":"9781472833402-armies-of-the-medieval-italian-wars-11251325","title":"Armies of the Medieval Italian Wars 1125–1325","description":"\u003cmeta content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\" http-equiv=\"Content-Type\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFeaturing specially commissioned artwork, this book describes the major armies that fought - \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003eHoly Roman Empire, France, Spain, and local coalitions -\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e and how their equipment and tactics developed.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe great powers of medieval Europe fought continuously in the Italian peninsula between the 12th and 14th centuries as they sought to expand their territory.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eInvading armies from Germany – the Holy Roman Empire – saw the creation of the defensive Lombard League of northern Italian city-states. Conflicts between rival confederacies proved to be the catalysts for developments in organisation and tactics. Italian urban militias became better organised and equipped, the Imperial armies became multi-national forces, and both sides became reliant on mercenary forces to prosecute their wars. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAfter the 1260s, France, relying mainly on armoured cavalry, and Spain, with their innovative light infantry, vied for control of southern Italy. On the seas, the great naval powers of Genoa, Pisa and Venice became fierce rivals, as they created great trading empires, bringing the treasures of the east into feudal Europe. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eUsing detailed colour plates, this beautifully illustrated book describes the myriad of armies and navies that fought for control of Italy in the Middle Ages.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Rarewaves","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56449824391542,"sku":"9781472833402","price":10.59,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0092\/7504\/8033\/files\/orig_26707475.jpg?v=1760446750","url":"https:\/\/www.rarewaves.com\/products\/9781472833402-armies-of-the-medieval-italian-wars-11251325","provider":"Rarewaves.com","version":"1.0","type":"link"}