{"product_id":"9780814736685-red-seas","title":"Red Seas","description":"\u003cmeta content=\"text\/html; charset=utf-8\" http-equiv=\"Content-Type\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFerdinand Smith and Radical Black Sailors in the United States and Jamaica\u003cbr\u003eGerald Horne draws on the life of  Ferdinand Smith, the Jamaican-born co-founder and second-in-command of the National Maritime Union (NMU), to make connections between labor radicalism and the Civil Rights Movement - demonstrating that the gains of the latter were propelled by the former and undermined by anticommunism.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cp\u003eDuring the heyday of the U.S. and international labor movements in the 1930s and 1940s, Ferdinand Smith, the Jamaican-born co-founder and second-in-command of the National Maritime Union (NMU), stands out as one of the most—if not the most—powerful black labor leaders in the United States. Smith’s active membership in the Communist Party, however, coupled with his bold labor radicalism and shaky immigration status, brought him under continual surveillance by U.S. authorities, especially during the Red Scare in the 1950s. Smith was eventually deported to his homeland of Jamaica, where he continued his radical labor and political organizing until his death in 1961.\u003cbr\u003eGerald Horne draws on Smith’s life to make insightful connections between labor radicalism and the Civil Rights Movement—demonstrating that the gains of the latter were propelled by the former and undermined by anticommunism. Moreover, \u003cb\u003eRed Seas\u003c\/b\u003e uncovers the little-known experiences of black sailors and their contribution to the struggle for labor and civil rights, the history of the Communist Party and its black members, and the significant dimensions of Jamaican labor and political radicalism.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Rarewaves","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":55208658600310,"sku":"9780814736685","price":130.33,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0092\/7504\/8033\/files\/orig_26942488.jpg?v=1738220230","url":"https:\/\/www.rarewaves.com\/products\/9780814736685-red-seas","provider":"Rarewaves.com","version":"1.0","type":"link"}